Bituminous roofing involves the use of a material called bitumen, which is derived from crude oil through a distillation process. This material, with its dense and sticky properties, is ideal for waterproofing roofs. Let’s delve into how bitumen aids in roofing and the two main types of bituminous roofing systems.
Bitumen Basics: The Distillation Process
Bitumen is a result of distilling crude oil, a thick substance left behind after removing lighter components like petrol and diesel. The refinement of bitumen leads to different grades, and it comprises complex hydrocarbons along with elements like calcium, sulfur, iron, and hydrogen.
How Bitumen Supports Roofing
Bituminous roofing involves applying bitumen to a structure’s roof to prevent water penetration. There are two main types of bituminous roofing systems:
Modified Bituminous Roofing: Enhancing Weather Resistance
- This system includes cap sheets and base piles to prevent water penetration.
- The cap sheet surfaces are modified with mineral granules for improved weather resistance.
- Known as the Modbit system, it utilizes granules and cool roof coatings to reflect UV rays, enhancing durability and reducing energy costs.
Built-Up Roofing: Layers for Long-Term Reliability
- This system comprises alternating layers of membranes coated with bitumen and oxidized bitumen (Felt or ply sheets).
- Ply sheets can be reinforced with high tensile strength fiberglass mats.
- Coating the surface with aggregate improves waterproofing capacity.
- Two main types of Bituminous membranes: SBS Membranes and APP Membranes.
Advantages of Bituminous Roofing
High Resistance to Physical Damages
- Suitable for areas prone to hail storms or natural debris.
- Low slope prevents water accumulation.
Low Maintenance Roof
- One-time investment with minimal future maintenance costs if installed correctly.
Energy Efficient
- Cooling features with a thermal emission system are essential to counteract heat absorption.
Advantages:
- Lasts for 20 years or more.
- Trusted and time-tested method.
- Various application forms: self-adhesive sheets, cold-applied adhesive, or mopped asphalt.
- High durability and resistance to cracks, wind, fire, and storms.
Disadvantages:
- Heat absorption due to its black color.
- Additional coating requirements.
- Risk of building overheating without proper insulation.
- Installation costs can be high.
Conclusion
Constructing structures involves significant investments, and to protect them from damage, measures such as adherence to design rules, use of quality materials, and effective waterproofing, like bituminous roofing, are essential. Taking these precautions safeguards against water penetration and ensures the longevity of the building structure.
